Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What is the function of the basement membrane zone?

1. Provides structural support to muscles

2. Acts as a barrier between epidermis and dermis

3. Serves as a storage area for fat

4. Facilitates nerve function

The correct answer is: Acts as a barrier between epidermis and dermis

The basement membrane zone functions primarily as a barrier between the epidermis and dermis, playing a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of the skin. This zone is a thin, fibrous layer that connects the outer epidermis with the underlying dermis, providing a platform for cell attachment and serving as a filter for the exchange of molecules between these two layers. It also supports the epidermis by anchoring it to the dermis, which is essential for maintaining the overall architecture of the skin. By separating the two layers, the basement membrane zone helps regulate the movement of cells and substances, ensuring that essential nutrients can pass through while also protecting against pathogens and other harmful substances. Its composition, which includes proteins like laminins and collagen, is vital for cellular signaling and promoting skin repair and regeneration, further emphasizing its importance in skin health. The other options describe functions not associated with the basement membrane zone. For example, it does not provide structural support directly to muscles, act as a storage area for fat, or facilitate nerve function, which are functions attributed to other structures within the body. Therefore, the primary role of acting as a barrier between the epidermis and dermis is what distinctly characterizes the basement membrane zone.