Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What does Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) involve?

1. Breathing O2 under normal atmospheric pressure

2. Breathing O2 under pressure to increase diffusion

3. Application of topical oxygen to wounds

4. Movement in compressed air environments

The correct answer is: Breathing O2 under pressure to increase diffusion

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) specifically involves the administration of pure oxygen at pressures greater than normal atmospheric pressure. This process significantly increases the amount of oxygen dissolved in the blood plasma, enhancing tissue oxygenation. The basic principle is that by breathing oxygen under pressure, the therapy can improve oxygen delivery to hypoxic tissues, which is beneficial in various medical conditions such as chronic wounds, certain infections, and decompression sickness. This therapy allows for a greater diffusion gradient, meaning oxygen can more effectively penetrate tissues where it is critically needed. This enhanced diffusion is vital for promoting healing in wounds and combating infections, especially in cases where blood flow is compromised. In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe HBOT. Breathing oxygen under normal atmospheric pressure does not provide the therapeutic benefits of increased pressure. Topical oxygen application could be effective in wound healing but does not fit the definition of hyperbaric therapy. Lastly, while movement in compressed air environments involves pressure, it does not pertain to the specific medical practice of using pure oxygen for therapeutic purposes. Thus, the core of HBOT is its ability to administer oxygen under pressure, making the correct answer clear.